WRESTLING.—The Exeter, the grand Metropolitan Match, commenced on Monday morning, at eleven o’clock, in the spacious ring in St. Thomas. The Champion entered the ring at six o’clock; he entered with the band playing “See the conquering Hero comes.” No time was lost, and stout, young, and prime as was his opponent, in two minutes […]
The St. Sidwell’s Grand Wrestling Match also commenced on Monday morning; and as a proof of the interest now taken in promoting this manly sport, the city has this week presented the singular spectacle of two Grand Wrestling Matches, both got-up, excellently arranged, and each attended by the primest men in the world, going on […]
WRESTLING.—The prize of ten Sovereigns for the thrown men at the Exeter Wrestling last week, was won,—the first prize of four Sovereigns by Mr. Wreford; the second of two Sovereigns by J. Bolt; and the third of one Sovereign by Horwill.—James Frost of Aveton Gifford, appeared in the ring, at the close of the play […]
WRESTLING.—A. Cann, the Champion of England, and Polkinghorne.—Perhaps there never was more evasion practised, or so much idle chaffing as on the subject of a match between these men. “My Dear Sir, In answer to your Letter bearing date the 13th inst I beg to state, that it would have been an agreeable surprise, had […]
WRESTLING.—Yesterday, about two thousand persons were assembled in the bowling-green of the Eagle Tavern, in the City-road, to witness the conclusion of the Cornish wrestling. The sport was finished by Warren, a Cornishman, and Abraham Cann, the Devonshire Champion, who contended for the first prize, ten sovereigns, which was won by Cann. He is a […]
Grand Devonshire & Cornish Wrestling Match, in London. A very interesting match has been played between the Cornish and Devonshire men in London, which was decided on Thursday at the Eagle Tavern, City Road. WEDNESDAY, (Third Day.)—Of four and twenty men who entitled themselves to enter the lists for the double play, 14 were Devonshire […]
THE LONDON MAGAZINE, 1826. WRESTLING. THE amateurs of athletic performances were gratified towards the end of last month, with an exhibition of the old national feat of wrestling. Several matches were played between Devonshire and Cornwall men, on the 19th, 20th, and 21st, at the Eagle Tavern green, in the City Road. The variety of […]
WRESTLING.—MOYLE AND HEAD.—Moyle the Cornwall man, wrestled his match with Head, the Devonshire man, on Thursday evening, at the Eagle Tavern, City-road. They both played Devonshire fashion, and for that purpose were padded. Moyle was the favourite at starting, and justified the confidence of his friends. The match was to be decided by the first […]
The interest excited by the forthcoming wrestling match at Devonport is very great, and it is understood that persons from every part of the two counties and even from a greater distance are preparing to attend it.
WRESTLING.— Grand Match between the Champions at Devonport.—Expectation is wound to its highest pitch for the issue of this match, and the numbers preparing to move towards Devonport from both counties are very great; the Devonporters have entered into the business with an energy that reflects on them the highest credit, and we can most […]
[WRESTLING]. Pair of Hand-Colored Portraits of Famous British Wrestlers who Faced Each Other in the Ring. Including: [CANN, Abraham, subject]. “The Wrestling Champion of England, Abraham Cann. Who challenges all the World for 100 Sovereigns…” [Exeter: Geo. Rowe, Aug. 10th, 1826]. Hand-colored full-length portrait of Cann in profile outdoors, with caption. 12 ¾ x 9”. […]
Line drawing of the wrestling venue for the famous Abraham Cann versus James Polkinghorne challenge match, The Alfred – West of England Journal – General Advertiser, 24th October 1826.
Anxious at all times to give the fullest satisfaction to the multitude of all public events, our Reporter was sent specially to Devonport for the purpose of witnessing and reporting the Wrestling between the Rival Champions at that place,—the following is a correct account of the whole proceedings:— This long-talked-of match took place on Monday […]
Tamar Green, Devonport, was chosen for this purpose, and the West was alive with speculation. The conditions further provided, that if either party declined continuing the play after having once set to, or wilfully struck his opponent, the stakes should be forfeited. The match was to be for 200 sovereigns, 100 each side, the best […]
Wrestling at Devonport: THE RIVAL CHAMPIONS, CANN and POLKINHORN. Anxious at all times to give the fullest and most impartial intelligence of all public events, our Reporter was sent specially to Devonport to attend the great Match at Wrestling between the Rival Champions at that place,—the following is a correct account of the whole proceedings:— […]
Created by the British engraver Richard Gilson Reeve. The print commemorates the historic, highly-publicised inter-county wrestling match that took place on October 26, 1826, between the Cornish champion James Polkinghorne and the Devonshire champion Abraham Cann. The event drew over 10,000 spectators and remains one of the most famous encounters in the history of traditional […]
WRESTLING.—Cann and Polkinhorn.—The disappointment so generally felt at the withdrawing of Mr. Polkinhorn from the wrestling at Devonport, thereby leaving the match, so long talked of and so long looked for, undecided, might naturally have been expected to give rise to some discussion. “To the Gentlemen who composed Mr. Polkinhorn’s Committee at the late Wrestling […]
The origin and author of these lyrics (also described as a ballad) are unknown. The song was printed in a broadside newspaper in December 1826. Tripp states that it was sung to the tune of The Night I Married Susy, or The Coronation. When Polkinghorne did first agree, And Cann the day did fix, Sir, […]
WRESTLING. WRESTLING IN THE KENT ROAD.—On Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, a wrestling match for thirty sovereigns took place on the bowling-green of the Green Man Tavern, in the Kent-road. During the play on Tuesday, when Gaffney and Copp were contending for the fall, a Mr. Vicary, landlord of the Rose and Crown in London-lane, Bermondsey, […]
HONE’s TABLE BOOK Hone, W (1827); The table book: or, Daily recreation and information concerning remarkable men, manners, times, seasons, solemnities, merry-makings, antiquities and novelties, forming a complete history of the year, W. Tegg. DEVONSHIRE WRESTLING. For the Table Book. Abraham Cann, the Devonshire champion, and his brother wrestlers of that county, are objected to […]
A Correspondent has favored us with the following List of the Ages, Height, and Weight, of some of the principal Wrestlers at the above match: DEVON: Abraham Cann, Age 32, Height 5ft 8½in, Weight 175lbs. William Wollaway, 28, 6ft 0in, 210lbs. James Stone, 28, 5ft 4in, 173lbs. John Jordon, 39, 6ft 4in, 230lbs. William Wreford, […]
WRESTLING. The Annual Grand Wrestling Match took place at Tavistock on Wednesday the 8th instant, and lasted till Friday night. It was allowed to be the greatest match ever witnessed, either in Devon or Cornwall, the former county being allowed on both sides to have the superiority. A. Cann 1st prize. The Cornishmen generally made […]
WRESTLING.—The Tavistock Games.—A statement more entirely opposed to what really took place at Tavistock, was perhaps scarcely ever attempted to be palmed on the public. Polkinhorn was on the spot, and certainly no good reason was assigned why he did not meet Cann in the ring;—there stood his opponent before him. Cann again kept the […]
WRESTLING. The match at Broadclist, commenced on Monday morning. 16 as strong standards as ever stepped into a ring were made. The turn in the double play between James Cann and young Lewis, was a masterly effort, which lasted for 38 minutes, when Lewis was thrown. The brave Wreford, and an equally brave man of […]
The Paignton match, though commenced under rather inauspicious circumstances, has eventually proved one of the highest order. Jordan the first prize of £7 was adjudged; the second of £5 to Wreford; and the third of £2 10s. to Archer. After this, a highly-interesting match was got up between Huxtable and Avery; the best in three. […]
Devon and Cornwall.—The match at Tavistock, in a most decisive way, settled the question as to superiority in this manly exercise, in favor of the former county. Two gentlemen, as a last effort, have made a purse of 50 sovereigns, for which Cann and Stone are ready to play any two Cornishmen that may appear […]
DEVON WRESTLING IN LONDON. [Reported expressly for this paper.] The matches at the Eagle Tavern, City Road, concluded on Friday, when the first was awarded to Abraham Cann; 2d to Chappie; the fourth to Devon men. At the close of the play, two gentlemen from Westmoreland, Dobson and Anderson, entered the ring, and challenged Cann […]
DEVONSHIRE WRESTLING. For the Table Book. Abraham Cann, the Devonshire champion, and his brother wrestlers of that county, are objected to for their play with the foot, called “showing a toe” in Devonshire; or, to speak plainly, “kicking.” Perhaps neither the objectors, nor Abraham and his fellow-countrymen, are aware, that the Devonshire custom was also […]
DARTMOUTH GRAND WRESTLING MATCH. THE DARTMOUTH GRAND WRESTLING MATCH, for THIRTY SOVEREIGNS, will take place on the New Ground, (a Ring of 80 foot diameter turfed for the occasion) on WEDNESDAY, 25th day of JULY next, the play to commence precisely at 2 o’clock in the afternoon. This hour will admit of the company being […]
WRESTLING IN LONDON. [Reported expressly for this paper.] A match for a prize of was played for at the Mile End Road, on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday, when excellent sport was afforded to those who are fond of athletic amusements. The first day play commenced at three o’clock. Stone raised his left wing in good […]
The Devonshire Wrestling Society archive has been assembled over more than twelve years of systematic research into the history of Westcountry martial arts. When this work began, the documentary record was sparse and dispersed: sources were few, descriptions were thin, and access required navigating institutional barriers that most researchers would not have the time or resources to overcome. The archive now comprises 421 records — 322 newspaper articles (1778–1947), 35 manuscripts, 11 posters, 48 books, one letters patent, two cemetery inscriptions, and two memorials — spanning approximately one thousand years of history across five defined periods and three core disciplines: wrestling, cudgelling, and pugilism.
The material has been drawn from archives, museums, and libraries at both local and national level, as well as from diaspora communities. Access varied considerably: some holdings were straightforwardly available through public or gated online repositories; others required direct institutional inquiry, formal licensing, or payment. Licence fees for individual items have, in some cases, reached several hundred pounds. Items acquired under licence are retained for private research purposes only and are not published. A small number of items from private collections likewise remain unpublished, pending permission. All records for which publication rights have been secured are made freely and openly available.
The cost of the archive — in time and in money — has been substantial. It is offered without charge because the traditions it documents belong to the communities that produced them, and because those who come after should not be required to repeat the effort already expended.
Every record in the archive was acquired through a consistent five-stage process:
Identification. Awareness of potential sources was established through systematic searches of public and private institutional indexes worldwide, and through direct correspondence with subject specialists already engaged with relevant holdings.
Access. Depending on the institution, access was obtained through online repositories, direct application, or formal licensing. Correspondence was initiated with several hundred institutions over the course of the project. Where institutions confirmed the absence of relevant holdings, this was recorded. Where access was granted, the means of access was documented.
Storage. All acquired material is held in a single centralised repository, ensuring that research access is permanent and that no duplication of acquisition effort is necessary.
Preparation. Every record has been transcribed to render it fully searchable and taggable. Images have been assigned metadata recording provenance, licensing terms, and resolution specifications for publication purposes.
Publication. The publicly available inventory represents all records for which the requisite permissions have been obtained.
In order to ensure consistency and intellectual coherence across the archive, all prospective additions are evaluated against the following criteria, which are applied collectively and in sequence. A record should satisfy the majority of these criteria before inclusion is considered.
Relevance. The record must have a demonstrable and direct connection to the Six Shires (Devon, Cornwall, Somerset, Dorset, Gloucestershire, and Wiltshire) as the location of practice, the origin of practitioners, or the primary institutional context. Records concerning Westcountry practitioners competing elsewhere (in London, the United States, or South Africa, for example) are eligible where the practitioner’s regional identity is explicitly identified in the source. Records documenting the export of Westcountry martial arts beyond Britain are admissible and desirable, consistent with existing holdings relating to California, Japan, New Zealand, and South Africa. The record must concern one or more of the three disciplines in scope: Westcountry wrestling (Devonshire or Cornish style), cudgelling or single-stick as practised in the region, or pugilism and boxing with a demonstrable Westcountry connection. Records documenting the co-occurrence of two or more disciplines are particularly valuable and should be prioritised.
Integrity. The source must be primary or a reliable early secondary record. For newspaper sources, this means a contemporaneous report; for books, a first or early edition, or a verified transcription thereof. Secondary scholarship is admissible where it contains primary-source quotations not otherwise independently accessible, provided these are clearly identified as such.
Balanced representation. The curatorial target is approximate parity — not of record count, which will inevitably reflect the uneven survival of evidence — but of intellectual representation across the three core disciplines. Where any discipline is underrepresented relative to this target, acquisitions in that discipline should be prioritised accordingly.
Material culture. Physical objects — trophies, belts, equipment, and architectural features — are admissible where they carry inscriptions or documentary provenance that independently attest to the practice of a discipline in the region.
Verifiability. The source must be identifiable with sufficient bibliographic precision to be cited in APA format and, where possible, to be independently verified by a reader consulting the original. Oral tradition, undocumented folklore, and secondary paraphrases without citation do not meet this standard. Where a source is available online, a direct URL must be provided.
